Volumetric tools work best on cross-sectional series with enough slices (CT / MR / PET, ~10+ images). Open these from the toolbar; each has a keyboard shortcut and toggles back to the normal grid.
Modes
MPR (D) — multiplanar reconstruction: axial, coronal and sagittal views with a synchronized crosshair (X).
MIP (J) — maximum-intensity projection in 3 planes (axial/sagittal/coronal); great for vessels and bones.
Rotating PET MIP — for PET series, the classic whole-body rotating projection in inverted grayscale (uptake appears dark, background light). When you open a PET series a rotating thumbnail appears in the viewer corner; double-click it to open the MIP full-screen (double-click again to return to the thumbnail). Full-screen: Pause/Spin, speed, colormap and a Noise control. A MIP projects each ray's maximum value, so the PET's background noise (inside the scanner's circular field of view) forms a cylinder of artifacts spinning around the body; the Noise control raises the window floor above that noise and cleans the cylinder up (applied identically to the thumbnail). PET series in MPR/MIP/fusion show with an automatic SUV window (they could previously render blank).
3D (3) — volume rendering (VR) of the dataset. Available for volumetric CT/MR series (~10+ slices); click the 3D button in the toolbar. Drag to rotate the volume (right-drag zooms, middle-drag pans). In the bottom control: Spin (auto-rotate with a speed), the preset (Bone, Soft tissue, Vessels/contrast, Lung, MIP, MR default, Angio), the density (how opaque the volume reads) and Reset to re-frame. Double-click returns to the normal series.
PET/CT fusion (U) — overlays a PET series on CT with adjustable colormap/opacity (auto-enabled when a compatible pair is detected). Scroll slices with the mouse wheel, each view's side scrollbar or touch (3-finger). Fusion opens as one large image (axial); switch the plane with the Axial/Sagittal/Coronal buttons at the top (or see all 3 planes via the grid button / double-click). The controls sit in a strip below the image (they never cover it): PET opacity, SUV window (with 5/10/15 presets) and the colormap. The PET layer is windowed by that control; you window the CT base normally by left-dragging (the window/level tool and the rest of the toolbar all work normally in fusion). To fix misalignment, turn on Move PET and drag the PET layer over the CT (Reset undoes it).
Compare studies (H) — load layers from different studies side-by-side or fused, with per-layer transforms.
Video / endoscopy (V) and whole-slide (WSI) (L) for the matching series types.
Crosshairs & sync
In MPR/fusion/compare, the crosshair tool (X) links the planes — move it in one view and the others follow. In the grid,sync scroll (K) keeps multiple panels aligned.
Tips
If a mode is greyed out, the selected series likely doesn't meet its requirements (modality or slice count).
Switching a mode off returns you to the standard view of the current series.